Novelists have long understood the literary merits of Pym and often modeled their own books after its example. Jules Verne was inspired to write a sequel to Poe's novel, The Sphinx of the Ice Realm and Henry James found the title for The Golden Bowl by reading Pym. John Barth re-read Pym in the spirit of Italo Calvino's The Castle of Crossed Destinies, and Borges considered the novel to be Poe's greatest work. Melville had Pym in mind as one model for Ishmael's epistemology in Moby-Dick. Charles Romyn Dake published his sequel to Pym in the last year of the nineteenth century; in 2011, Mat Johnson based his satire on race in America, Pym: A Novel, on Poe's novel.
