Arterial hypertension is a chronic, systemic and vascular disease that constitutes a worldwide health problem, being one of the main causes of premature death in the world because it causes millions of deaths per year as a consequence of its complications, as well as being the most important risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases; hence the importance of therapeutic adherence, which defines therapeutic success and, in turn, depends on several factors of both the patient and his or her environment, with the relationship with the environment being a key factor. This book describes the factors that influence therapeutic adherence in patients with arterial hypertension.